FAQ: What We Know About Russia’s Alleged Nuclear Anti-Satellite Weapon

This updated FAQ provides a clear and timely overview of public reporting and expert perspectives on Russia’s reported development of a nuclear-powered anti-satellite (ASAT) system. It explains the nature of the alleged system—believed to generate a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) capable of disabling satellites—and its potential consequences for satellites, human spaceflight, and geopolitical stability.

The document explores relevant international treaties, historical precedent, and diplomatic reactions—including competing UN Security Council resolutions from April and May 2024. It also details how such a system could violate the Outer Space Treaty, impact space operations, and escalate tensions in the space domain.

Updated: June 2024