Global Counterspace Capabilities: An Open Source Assessment

This presentation, “Global Counterspace Capabilities: An Open Source Assessment” by Victoria Samson of the Secure World Foundation, was delivered at the Quad Nations Security Dialogue in Sydney on September 28, 2025. It provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of global counterspace capabilities, drawing from open-source data to assess the activities of major spacefaring nations. The presentation outlines six key categories of counterspace technologies—co-orbital, direct ascent, directed energy, electronic warfare, cyber, and space situational awareness—and examines trends in testing, development, and use. Through case studies such as Russia’s reported nuclear anti-satellite (ASAT) program and military rendezvous and proximity operations (RPO) by major powers, it highlights the strategic risks, legal implications, and potential for escalation in space security dynamics. The presentation concludes by emphasizing the importance of transparency, cooperation, and international norms to ensure space sustainability and stability